مجله علوم پزشکی پارس
سال دوازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 29، پاییز 1393)

Benefits of medical plants have been of interest for a long time and oak (Quercus castanifolia)، addition to the nutritional value، has many uses in herbal medicine. Due to side effects of some herb، in this survey، the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Oak fruit on liver as the most important organ in rats was investigated. 50 Wistar rats weighing 200 ±15g were preserved in standard condition. After determination LD50 and preparation of hydroalcoholic extract of Oak fruit husks، three dose of extract (30، 60 and 120mg /kg/w. bt) for this research were selected. Rats divided to control group (no treatment)، sham (injected Oka solvent) and three treatment groups injected respectively 30، 60 and 120mg /kg/w. bt of extract. After 21 days، blood sampling of all rats and their serum were analyzed. Using statistical software، SPSS 17، data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan test at the significant level of P<0. 01. According to obtained results، serumic levels of three liver enzymes (ALT، AST and ALP) and malondialdehyde in treatment groups showed significant increase compared to the control and sham groups (p <0. 01). Also protein and chlestrol (LDH) decreased in treatment group with maximum dose. Obtain results showed that although the hydroalcoholic extract of Oak fruit husks due to provides destructive effect on liver function and probably is dose- dependent. Therefore، it is recommended that the consumption of oak fruit، its husks is removed.

Given the high prevalence and negative economic, social and educational consequences of premenstrual syndrome (PMS), it is essential to find an easy and inexpensive way to treat or reduce the symptoms of it. Several studies have shown that exercise can be effective in the treatment of PMS. Because so far no study has compared the effects of resistance and endurance exercise training on somatic and affective symptoms of PMS, the main objective of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks resistance or endurance exercise training on PMS. A clinical trial (before and after) was performed on 30 patients with this syndrome were randomly divided into three groups: resistance, endurance exercise and control. Somatic and affective symptoms of PMS were evaluated before and after protocols by PMS questionnaire. Duration of the protocol was eight weeks. Descriptive statistics and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) followed by the LSD post hoc test (p≤0.05) were used for data analyses. Before starting the protocol, age, height, social and affective symptoms were not different between participants. Compared with the control group, eight weeks of resistance training or endurance training, could significantly reduce social and affective symptoms of PMS. Exercise training could improve PMS symptoms and there were no significant difference between resistance and endurance training.

Urinary tract infections are common infections in humans which according to current statistics have been observed in 30-50% 0f them. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics increases the resistance to treatment. The aim of the present study is detection of urinary tract infection causes (Enterobacteriaceae) and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in outpatients in Fasa Vali- Asr hospital laboratory during 2012 & 2013. This descriptive study was performed on 1108 positive urine culture of adults & outpatients in laboratory of Vali-Asr hospitals in Fasa in 2012 and 2013. The urine samples were cultured in Blood agar and MaCconkey agar. The bacterial identification procedures with conventional biochemical tests were performed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried by disk diffusion method according to CLSI. In 92.12% of samples, UTI was caused by Enterobacteriaceae. The bacterial isolates show highest resistance rate to Cotrimoxazole (57.4%), Cefalotin (55.6%), Cefixime (45%) and Nalidixic acid (43.6%) and highest susceptibility rate to Ciprofloxacin (74%), Gentamicin (65%), Nitrofurantoin (64.9%) and Ceftriaxone (58.2%). Our study showed that gram- negative bacilli, especially E.coli are dominant bacterial pathogens that cause urinary tract infections in Fasa. Most isolated species showed a high resistance to common antibiotics.

Ginseng is an herbal drug. Cyclophosphamide is a drug with anti-cancer virtue. The aim of this research is to find out the effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of ginseng on cyclophosphamide detoxification in ovary tissue of female adult rats. This experimental study was conducted on 56 adult female rats. The rats were randomly divided into7 groups of 8 octet, including, control group that received no drug, sham group received solvent drug, experimental groups1, 2 and 3 received 5 mg /kg/bw Cyclophosphamide daily and 0.5, 1 and 2 g/kg/bw ginseng extract, respectively. The experimental group 4 received 5g/kg/bw cyclophosphamide and experimental group 5 received daily 2g/kg/bw ginseng extract. At the end of duration, the slides was prepared from ovarian tissue and then examined. There were no certain changes in control and sham groups. Many atresia follicles were observed in the experimental group 1. In the experimental group 2, the less number of the atresia follicles and tissue damage was observed than group 1. In the experimental group 3, compared to the experimental groups 1, 2, the number of atresia follicles decrease; and in the experimental group 4, the follicles got atresia intensively and in the experimental group 5, the number of atresia follicles increased, compared to control group. The use of cyclophosphamide resulted in increasing the atresia follicles; and application of alcohol-aqueous extract of ginseng prevents the negative effects of cyclophosphamide and thus reduces the number of the atresia follicles.

Using non-medical methods such as exercise can be effective for reducing the number of physical and mental disorders that occur after kidney transplantation. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a period of regular physical activity of choice as a non-medical method for reducing blood pressure, stress, anxiety and depression in patients with kidney transplants. Fifty kidney transplant patients (21 males and 29 females) volunteered as the study subjects and were randomly divided into two groups -an exercise group (n=30) and a control group (n=20). The exercise group partook in a progressive exercise program for ten weeks with three sessions of 60-90 minutes each week while the control group did not partake in any regular physical activityPsychological data of participants as well as their blood pressure before and after the 10-week period were collected using the DASS21 questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the t-test with the gain score method. Exercise significantly reduced stress, anxiety and depression (P<0.001) as well as systolic blood pressure (P=0.007) in the exercise group compared to the control group. 1Partaking in ten weeks of a light-intensity exercise of choice can improve stress, anxiety and depression and control blood pressure in patients with kidney transplants.

AIDS as a new viral disease and viral hepatitis as one of the 5 infectious causes of early human death impose large expenses on individuals. Various studies have considered barbers’ activities (in case of not observing the infection control principles) to be effective in transmission of HIV, HBV, and HCV. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the male barbers’ knowledge, attitude, and performance regarding the infection control principles in Shiraz. In the present cross-sectional study, 200 barbers were selected by cluster sampling and interviewed regarding the infection control principles. The obtained data were analyzed using the SPSS 18 and Excel 2007 statistical software. The results showed that 82% of the barbers had primary school or above degrees and only 8% were illiterate. 4%, 71%, and 25% of the barbers had good, average, and weak knowledge, respectively. 96% of the barbers had positive attitude and 4% had negative attitude. 51.5% and 48.5% of the barbers had good and average performances, respectively. Also, the knowledge barbers about AIDS symptoms, 1.5%, 14%, 10.5%, and 74% were excellent, good, average, and weak, respectively. The study results showed that Shiraz male barbers need educational classes, health programs, and more control so that their knowledge, attitude, and performance can be improved to a desirable level.

Back ground and Urinary infection is one of the most frequent difficulties in women and because of the changes takes place in the body conditions, therefore pregnant women are more susceptible to it and according to the potential effects on mothers and the fetus, it is considered very important. The aim of this research is to determination the effect of health education based on theory of planned behavior on behavioral promotion of urinary infection prevention in pregnant women. This is a quasi-experimental study that was carried out on 110 women in health centers in Karaj city. Sample divided in randomly into case and control groups. The tool for data collection was a questionnaire designed according to theory of planned behavior, which its validity and reliability was obtained before the study began. After the analysis of the pretest, the results were analyzed with Mann –whitney u, Spearman Correlation. Then educational contents in this regard were designed, prepared and executed. 3 month after intervention, the seconed test with the initial questionnaire was conducted and data were analyzed with the use of SPSS 18 soft ware. The findings of educational intervention indicated that mean scores of TPB model constructs (attitude، subjective norms، perceived behavior control، intention) were significantly increased in the intervention group compared to the control group after intervention. (p<0/05). Also، UTI prevention rate significantly among between intervention and control group after intervention. (intervention 11%، control 3% in the intervention group) (p<0. 05). Health education program designed according to Theory of planned behavior for advancement in prevention behaviors from urinary infection has been effective. Therefore this model can be used as a frame work for designing and execution of educational intervention for prevention of urinary infection. Besides such as programs, follow up education for controlling and monitoring are highly recommended.

The liver is the largest gland in the body; which have different secretions. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme is one of them. This study aims to find histopathological effects of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in the liver tissue of male rat (wistar). In this experimental study, 35 adult male rats were studied. They were randomly divided into 5 groups with seven rats in each group, including: control, sham and testing 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Control group were nourished by food and water; and no more experimental material was injected or fed. Sham group were injected just solvent. Group 1: 0.2 mg / ml alkaline phosphatase enzyme was injected into rats. In Group 2: 2 mg / ml L -homo arginine inhibitors were injected. Group 3: First 2 mg / ml L-homo arginine was injected, then after 2 hours, 0.2 mg/ ml alkaline phosphatase injection was done. All injections continued for 5 days. At the end of duration, a sample was prepared for evaluating ALP. Data was collected by using SPSS software and by one-way variance analytical tests (ANOVA) in significance P<0.05. Results of the study showed that alkaline phosphatase damages the liver tissue and L Homoarginine, which inhibits alkaline phosphatase activity, partly prevents liver cell damage.